From 'Boneshaker' to 'Safety'

The wide world of the Starleys

1869 - 1926

 

If you take a closer look at the history of ROVER, you will eventually come across the history of bicycles. This is inevitably linked to the name "Starley" - after all, there were some innovative minds with this name.

The abbreviated equations: James Starley = penny-farthings, John Kemp Starley (the nephew) = safety or modern low-wheel and Starley Brothers (the sons of James) = almost unknown are unfortunately often found, but not justified. Of course James Starley did not design the low-wheel, but John Kemp Starley also started with high-wheels, just like the Starley Brothers. And the first "ROVER" was not a low-wheeler either ...


James Starley

Long before the name ROVER appeared, Starley bicycles were being built. James Starley - unfortunately often called the "inventor" of the bicycle in ignorance of all the facts - is rightly considered the "father of the British bicycle industry". He succeeded in initially establishing a sport in high society with his bicycles, which became a true popular sport as competition increased. And this in turn contributed to Britain's roads being properly developed.

⇒ Among James Starley's most important bicycles


John Kemp Starley

The famous nephew learned to build all kinds of bicycles at the Coventry Machinists Company from his uncle James and associates who - like him - later became major bicycle manufacturers in their own right. Eventually one of his tricycles carried the ROVER name to the world. When he succeeded in making the low-wheeler a success in several steps, ROVER became a brand name.

⇒ The Bicycles of John Kemp Starley


The Starley - Brothers

James Starley's sons succeeded in building up a globally active company in the field of bicycle manufacturing and distribution. Subsidiaries in France, the United States of America and Russia testify to a wide distribution, and the names "Salvo" and "Psycho" had a good ring to them. It is a pity that knowledge of them has almost disappeared today.

⇒ The productions of the Starley brothers


The Letter Patents of the Starleys

All Starleys shone through their inventive and entrepreneurial spirit. In their respective periods and companies, they acquired patents related to the bicycle or its components. The following list is certainly not complete.

 
Starley - Patents at a glance
YearCountry and NumberPatenteeObject of the patentRemark
1870Great Britain #2236James Starley
William Hillman
Improvements in the design of wheels applicable mainly to velocipedes and in the propulsion technology for such vehicles.Known as the "Ariel"- Patent
1874Great Britain #3959James StarleyTwo-track bike for women; tangential spokingMore detailed documents are missing
1876Great Britain #4478James Starley, jun.
John Kemp Starley
Velocipede for ladies with a large drive wheel on one side and two small wheels on the other, with pedal drive, and other improvements 
1877Great Britain #1956James Starley
John M. Starley
Velocipede for two riders with two bottom brackets and steerable front and rear wheels.So called "Social"
1877Great Britain #3388James StarleyImproved transmission of drive power to velocipede wheelsDifferential
1878Great Britain #4657John Marshall Starley
John Kemp Starley
Folding tricycle"The Compressus"
More detailed documents are missing
1880Great Britain #5511James StarleyPossibility to fold tricycles through articulated arms and through removable pedal cranks. 
1880Great Britain #1272William Hillman
John Kemp Starley
George Singer
Adjustment possibilities for levers and pedals on velocipedes etc.No further details available
1880
1886
GB #5046
USA #351.001
John Kemp StarleyNew power transmission, improved brakes and improved ball bearings for the wheels, to Tricycles 
1883USA #274.231John Kemp StarleyImprovement to bicycles - new tricycle 
1884Great Britain #10349John Kemp StarleyBicycle saddle with springs and bracketMore detailed documents are missing
1884Great Britain #12934John Kemp StarleyBicycle saddle with springs and bracketMore detailed documents are missing
1885Great Britain #5320William StarleyTricycleMore detailed documents are missing
1885Great Britain #8532John Marshall StarleySteeringMore detailed documents are missing
1885Great Britain #12678James Starley
(Sohn von William)
Compensating gearMore detailed documents are missing
1885
1886
GB #1341
USA #353.330
John Kemp StarleyRoller bearings for pedal cranks, axles of velocipedes, other vehicles and machines 
1885
1886
GB #1040
USA #352.841
John Kemp StarleyImprovements in roller bearings for pedal cranks, axles of velocipedes, other vehicles and machines 
1886Great Britain #9165John Kemp StarleyBicycle handlebar gripsMore detailed documents are missing
1886Great Britain #12586John Kemp StarleySteering mechanism and frameMore detailed documents are missing
1887Great Britain #9794John Kemp StarleyBicycle saddleMore detailed documents are missing
1887Great Britain #15941John Kemp StarleyBicycle frameMore detailed documents are missing
1887Great Britain #17557James Starley
(Sohn von William)
Bicycle saddleMore detailed documents are missing
1888USA #18.820John Marshall Starley
Herbert S. Owen
Improved frame concept for bicycles 
1889USA #415.072William Starley
Herbert S. Owen
Tandem - BicycleOnly drawings of the patent specification available
1893Great Britain #16.507John Marshall Starley
William Starley
Improvements in or relating to pneumatic tyre mounting 
1894Great Britain #53William B Smith
William Henry Starley
Design improvements to bicycles and other velocipedes 
1894Great Britain #14.656John Kemp StarleyImproved method for manufacturing spanners with adjustable jaws 
1894Great Britain #6.838John Marshall Starley
William Starley
Improved manufacturing method for frames of tandem bicycles and tricycles 
1894Great Britain #766John Marshall Starley
William Starley
Improved method for attaching advertising to bicycle pumps 
1894Great Britain #10.534Harry Lucas
William Starley
Improved valves for pneumatic tyres on bicycles and other vehicles 
1895Great Britain #15.573William StarleyAttachment of metal valves to the inner tube of pneumatic tyres for bicycles and other vehicles 
1896Great Britain #30.084William StarleyImprovements to safety bicycles that can also be applied to automobiles and other vehicles. 
1896Great Britain #5.771William StarleyImprovements in or relating to the manufacture of steel tubes from steel sheets 
1896Great Britain #13.035William StarleyImprovements in or relating to the headset and pedals of bicycles 
1898
1899
1900
GB #25.807
Canada #65102D
Austria #2688
John Kemp StarleyImproved propulsion device for motor vehicles 
1898Great Britain #20.743John Kemp StarleyAttaching an engine to vehicles like the "Coventry Chair 
1898Great Britain #23.102John Kemp StarleyImprovements in brakes for velocipedesMore detailed documents are missing
1898Great Britain #23.144William Archibald Starley
Charles Hubbard
Improvements in pneumatic tyres 
1900Great Britain #1.038John Kemp StarleyImprovements relating to hand lever brakes for bicycles and similar vehicles 
1900Great Britain #1.039John Kemp StarleyImprovements relating to coaster brakes for bicycles and similar vehicles 
1901Great Britain #7.761William StarleyImprovements to bicycles, motorbikes and tricycles with two persons sitting side by side 
1901Great Britain #10.353William StarleyConstruction and arrangement of differential gears for bicycles and motor vehicles, in combination with a simple and efficient braking mechanism. 
1902France #318.842J G Accles
F H de Veulle
William Starley
Improvements to motorbikes (as per Motosacoche model) 
1902Great Britain #12.736William StarleyImprovements to bicyclesMore detailed documents are missing
1902Great Britain #2.683John Kemp StarleyImprovements to the braking mechanism on front controlled bicycles (rear rim brake)It is not clear from the documents whether it is a posthumous patent for J K Starley or whether it is a patent of J K Starley jun.
1902Great Britain #17.113William StarleyImprovements to motorbike frames 
1903GB #4.418
USA #746652
J G Accles
F H de Veulle
William Starley
Motorbikes with power transmission by worm gear drive and manual transmission 
1903Great Britain #11.471William Starley
Hubert Ernest Starley
Improvements in or relating to motorbike rear stands 
1903Great Britain #10.612William StarleyMotorbike for two persons sitting side by side with worm drive on the rear centre drive wheel with suspension and lever steering of the front wheel. 
1905Great Britain #8.869William Starley
James Charles Stringer
Brakes for railway wagons and similar vehicles 
1905
1906
1907
GB #19.063
France #366.677
USA #873.911
Harold Marshall StarleyWheel for automobiles and other road vehicles made of metal components that can be quickly manufactured and assembled. 
1906Great Britain #8.213William StarleyAutomatic locks for the operating levers of brakes, gear shift and the like 
1908Great Britain #19.983James StarleyImprovements in or relating to tyre covers with wire reinforcement 
1908Great Britain #13.422William StarleyImprovements for removable wheels of vehicles 
1909Great Britain #22.863William StarleyImprovements in ball bearings for roller skates 
1909Great Britain #15.125William StarleyImprovements relating to removable wheels on motor vehicles 
1909Great Britain #29.424William StarleyImprovements in or relating to roller skate frames and spindle supportsSorry, no illustrations.
1911Great Britain #6.479William StarleyImprovements relating to removable windscreens on automobiles 
1911Great Britain #16.830William StarleyNew three-wheeled motorbike for two persons sitting side by side; one drive wheel on the left, two steered wheels on the right, front and rear 
1911Great Britain #23.556William StarleyImprovements to windshields and weather shields of automobiles and other vehiclesAccording to a stamp imprint, the fee was not paid, the patent did not come into effect
1911Great Britain #12.818William StarleyImprovements in or relating to windscreens and weather windows of automobiles and other vehicles 
1912Great Britain #10.978Charles W Bluemel
Frank H Bluemel
Ernst A Bluemel
William Starley
Improvements relating to motor vehicle steering wheels 
1913Great Britain #12.302William StarleyImprovements in or relating to decompressors for motorbikes and similar vehicles 
1913
1914
1916
GB # ??
France #472.292
USA #1.169.364
William StarleySpoked wheels for vehicles made of metal; light, stable, inexpensive, for pneumatic tyresThe French patent refers to an English patent from 1913, which we have not found.
1918Great Britain #114.241William A StarleyImprovements in or relating to spoked wheels 
1918Great Britain #114.916William StarleyImprovements in motorbike forks 
1919
1920
1921
GB #125.555
France #516.137
USA #1.370564
William StarleyForks for bicycles, motorbikes and related vehicles 
1919
1921
GB # ??
France #522.272
William StarleyVehicle wheels made of two metal discs, for pneumatic tyresThe French patent refers to an English patent from 1919. The French patent refers to an English patent from 1919, which we have not found.

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